Comparative Education as a scientific paradigm is relatively new. Despite numerous theories, models, Pattern and researches in this field the comparative education is still faces enormous challenges. Since the foundation of modern and efficient education systems is dependent to new ideas and techniques, then the comparative studies by comparing the content and processes of successful education systems can be useful in designing and implementing educational changes. This article, along with the introduction and evolution of research in comparative education, studies the epistemological approaches and researches methods. Furthermore Methodological issues in comparative research (qualitative and quantitative data collection methods, validity, reliability and methods of data and information analysis) have been studied and finally the challenges of educational comparative research have been discussed. Comprehensive understanding of the challenges and Issues of Comparative studies through inhibition of surface and simplified views facilitate the effective use of research findings in this area.
