Due to the problems of dust and environmental and agricultural challenges at a nationwide level, this research aims to quantify the impact of dust on the performance and morphology of rainfed grapes using SWOT model, in Sepidan County. After sampling, using a framework of randomized complete blocks, 36 vines were prepared. Then the growth and biochemical traits of chlorophyll a and b, and the relative leaf water content, were measured. To investigate the reproductive traits, fruit formation, cluster weight, and the number of berries per cluster were utilized. The results demonstrated that the presence of fine dust and particulate matter leads to a reduction in the levels of chlorophyll a and b. Examination of growth, biochemical, and reproductive characteristics through the Tukey test revealed that fine dust had no significant impact on growth and biochemical traits. Nonetheless, it had a statistically major effect on reproductive characteristics at a 5% significance level. The outcomes of the SWOT model indicated that the entry of fine particles from Iraq and the southwestern provinces, with an average weight of 0.861, is the most impactful threat and primary factor contributing to the decline in performance and the level of rain-fed grape production in the Sepidan County. The entry of particulate matter (PM) into grape cultivation areas, accompanied by heavy metals, may lead to their absorption and contributes to various diseases in consumers. Also, when grapes are turned raisins, PM may have their quality and quantity affected leading to an overall reduction in the yield.
