This article presents collaborative tools based upon lessons learned from the model sites and from ecotourism cases around the world-for example, how the Small Tourism Enterprises Program (STEP) approach might be utilized for: (a) a brands and standards system; (b) coaching and technical assistance; (c) walk-in centers to support product development and marketing; (c) operating guidelines for small hotels; (d)an environmental management program (e) financing assistance and an investment fund; (f) volunteer programs and partnerships; and (g ) regional marketing system based upon an "experience" approach. Recent academic research from the disciplines of tourism, environmental management, economics, and sociology, among others, has focused on different aspects of the relation between tourism and protected natural areas.
