We have established that the ligand-free heterogeneous catalyst Fe References 3O4@TA/Pd is a highly efficient and stable catalyst for the synthesis of biaryls by Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction at mild conditions. Also, the catalyst was used for the reduction of 4-NP to 4-AP in water at room temperature. Notably, the recyclability of the catalyst by an external magnet, with no palladium leaching is good characteristics. Catalyst was reused for many times with any loosing of catalytic activity. The result showed that the green approach to synthesizing Pd NPs is useful for removing toxic pollutants and dyes such as nitroaromatics from the environment. Moreover, the feasibility of complexation of polyphenols with metal ions in aqueous solution can improve the surface properties and capacity of the Fe3O4@TA NPs for adsorption and reduction of other ions.
