Introduction: Prisoners are faced with many psychological problems.One of the problems that they are experiencing is suicidal thought.. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation in prisons and the role of self-control and coping strategies in predicting it. Method: 98 prisoners of Hamadan, Iran prison participated in this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. The Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation, Brief Self-Control Scale, and coping responses scale were used for gathering and Pierson correlation and regression for analyzing the data. Results: Results showed that 33.7% of prisoners had a higher risk and 26.5% low risk of suicidal ideation; Pearson correlation results showed that there is a negative relationship between self-control (r=-.428) and the problem-focused coping strategies (r=-.243) with suicidal ideation in prisoners. Self-control and problem-focused coping strategies have been able to predict the suicidal ideation in prisoners. Conclusion: According to results, educating self-control and problem-focused coping strategies can be effective in reducing the suicidal ideation in prisoners.
