Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the most important vegetable plants in Solanaceae family. In this research, the effects of Zeatin riboside concentrations (0.6, 0.8. 1, 1.2 and 1.4 mg l-1), duration of heat stress of 35 °C (6, 8, 10 and 12 days) and mannitol concentration (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg l-1) on anther culture of four eggplant cultivars were investigated in independent experiments. These experiments were performed according to a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete blocks design layout. The results of analysis of variance showed the significant interactions between the cultivars and treatments. The highest percentage of embryo-derived plantlets (25%) was obtained in cultivar Chantal by the use of 1 mg l-1 Zeatin riboside and 8 days of the heat stress. The results also indicated that the use of 10 mg l-1 mannitol had the highest embryo-derived plantlets (66.6%) in cultivar Chantal. In another experiment, the result of the effects of the hormone combinations on the shoot formation from calli obtained on the anthers culture of Chantale cultivar showed that the use of 2 mg l-1 BAP and 2 mg l-1 Kin produced higher number (4.2) of shoots (≤ 0.5 cm) while the same auxin together with 4 mg l-1 Kin produced higher number of shoots (≥ 0.5 cm).
