The measurement of trace elements in nails or hairs has advantages relative to other body tissues [1] and they has been increasingly used in forensic and clinical toxicology as a complementary test [2]. Simultaneous hair and nail analysis can indicate the amount of elements in the body for long periods of time. Therefore, they are used as biomarkers to diagnose diseases [3]. In this study, Hair and nail samples were collected from the city of Hamedan and the quantitative study of elemental concentration in hair and nail samples was measured using PIXE technique to identify the amount, difference, and relationship of the elements. In the hair samples of females, a significant difference was determined between the P with elements of Cr and Ni (p-value < 0.001) and a moderate difference with the element Co (p-value < 0.01). The average amount of Si, K, Cl, Al and Ca elements in the hair samples was decreased from normal to addicted people. Also, the quantitative p-value of element P between groups the normal people with addicts as well as the p-value of element Ca between groups of athletes with addicts was equal to p = 0.01. In the age range of 30-40 years there was a weak difference (pvalue < 0.05) between the element P with Ni and Co. In female nail samples, there was a significant difference between the element P and the elements of Ca, Cr and Al. The existence of a significant difference between the Calcium and its ratio in hair and nail samples can be used as a biomarker in forensic medicine.
