The thermal treatment method was employed to prepare barium hexaferrite (Fe6 O8/Ba Fe6 O11) nanostructure. This method was attempted to achieve higher homogeneity of the final product. Specimens of barium hexaferrite nanostructure were characterized by various experimental techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). X-ray diffraction results showed that there was no crystallinity in the predecessor and it had still amorphous phase. The formations of crystalline phases of barium hexaferrite nanostructures started from 673 to 973 K and the final products had different crystallite sizes ranging from 29 to 48 nm. The chemical analysis of the barium hexaferrite nanostructures was performed by energy dispersion X-ray analysis (EDXA), demonstrated that the barium hexaferrite nanostructures contained the elements of Ba, Fe, and O. The effect of calcination temperature on band gap energy was studied by UV–vis absorption spectra disclosed when calcination temperature increased, the appraised band gap energy values of the BaFe12O19 nanostructures decreased. The formed nanostructures exhibited ferromagnetic behaviors which were confirmed by using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The technique of the Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was carried out at 300 K on the calcined specimens that exhibited the variation of the line-shapes of the spectra of with calcination temperature.
