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چکیده
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Herein, a novel approach was developed to enhance the bio-functionality and corrosion resistance of Ti–6Al–4V implants by applying a homogeneous hydroxyapatite-silver (HA-Ag) nanostructured coating via an electrochemical deposition process. Comprehensive characterization using grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) confirmed the presence of the crystalline HA phase and the integration of Ag nanoparticles. Furthermore, fieldemission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) revealed a homogeneous elemental distribution and a dense morphology, indicating robust substrate adhesion. Contact angle measurements revealed that the HA-Ag coating significantly enhanced surface wettability, yielding a hydrophilic contact angle of 13.6◦, a property known to favor cell attachment. In corrosion tests using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 ◦C, the HA-Ag coating doubled the Nyquist loop diameter compared to the uncoated Ti–6Al–4V substrate, suggesting it acts as an effective barrier against Cl− ion penetration. Biocompatibility assessment via MTT assays demonstrated excellent cell viability exceeding 90 %, with the HA-Ag coating outperforming pure HA. This superior performance was attributed to silver's minimal cytotoxicity and its role in promoting cellular proliferation. Consequently, these findings demonstrated that the HA-Ag coated biodegradable Ti–6Al–4V alloy significantly possessed the corrosion resistance, osseointegration potential, and antimicrobial efficacy, positioning it as a highly promising material for the development of more durable orthopedic and dental implants.
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